pulverize| 有名人の最新ニュースを読者にお届けします。

私たちは、人々が好きな有名人について読んで、それについて気分を良くすることができるスペースを作りたかったのです.私たちは、人々が有名人についてポジティブな方法でゴシップできる場所を作りたかった.
私たちは、何年もの間、日本のエンターテインメント ニュースを生き、呼吸してきた情熱的なエンターテインメント ニュース ジャンキーの小さなチームです。

pulverize, 2010-06-24, Cellcrusher Tissue Pulverizer, Pulverize Tissue in Liquid Nitrogen, https://cellcrusher.com/

The Cellcrusher is a patent pending tissue pulverizer for tissue lysis in liquid nitrogen. Check out our website for more information.

Mechanical cell disruption in liquid nitrogen
is generally needed to release the cellular
contents of tissues such as tumors,
cartilage and plant material. Previously, this
was accomplished with a conventional tissue
pulverizer or mortar and pestle.

The Cellcrusher reduces
these tissues to a fine, easily recoverable
powder. The curved surfaces of the
Cellcrusher are designed for quick,
effective cleaning and decontamination
of the tissue pulverizer between samples.

Innovative tissue pulverizer design
The key design feature of the Cellcrusher tissue pulverizer is that it has curved inner surfaces.

Effective sample recovery
The recovery spoon is contoured to the curved inner surface of the Cellcrusher, so that minimal sample is wasted. This allows for fast effective sample recovery. Frozen tissue samples are quickly and effectively pulverized and collected.

Fast cleaning
The curved inner surface of the Cellcrusher have no corners, facilitating easy cleaning. The Cellcrusher is cleaned cold and dry, at liquid nitrogen temperatures, using the recovery spoon wrapped in tissue paper. This avoids the tedious task of warming and then washing an extremely cold metal object in water.

Sample types
Physically tough samples
A wide variety of tough sample types have been effectively pulverized using the Cellcrusher. Cartilage, venous tissue and tumor samples are routinely disrupted. Customers have reported cell disruption of zebrafish embryos, bone, coral and even gastropod suckerpads.

Extrememly physically tough samples
Crypulverization, in simple terms, relies on the fact that frozen water is brittle at liquid nitrogen temperatures. Therefore, drier samples such as seeds, bark or skin are very difficult to disrupt. For these tissues we recommend using the Cellcrusher in conjunction with the Drill-bit accessory. This accessory fits into any household drill and will result in tissue pulverization of even the most difficult samples.

RNA extraction
RNA extraction from tissue at liquid nitrogen temperature is a common technique employed to protect against RNAse activity. A significant group of our customers use our tissue pulverizer for RNA extraction from tissues which are not very physically tough, such as brain or muscle tissue, as well as from tougher samples such as leaf or root tissue., Cellcrusher

pulverizeの使い方と意味

• pulverize

  【他動】

  細かく砕｛くだ｝く、粉砕｛ふんさい｝する、こてんぱんにやっつける
  ・He pulverized the large stone into tiny pebbles. : 彼は大きな石を細かい砂利になるまで砕いた。

  【自動】

  粉々｛こなごな｝になる

  【発音】pʌ́lvəràiz、【＠】パルヴァライズ、【変化】《動》pulverizes ｜ pulverizing ｜ pulverized、【分節】pul・ver・ize

• pulverize blood clots stuck in human blood vessels

  人間｛にんげん｝の血管中｛けっかん ちゅう｝の血塊｛けっかい｝を粉砕｛ふんさい｝する

• pulverize coal to fine powder

  石炭｛せきたん｝を粉砕｛ふんさい｝［砕｛くだ｝いて微粉化｛びふん か｝］する

• pulverize gallstones

  《医》胆石｛たんせき｝を破砕｛はさい｝する

• pulverize the opposition

  反対派｛はんたい は｝を粉砕｛ふんさい｝する

• easy to pulverize

  《be ～》～を粉砕｛ふんさい｝しやすい

詳細については、次の URL をご覧ください。……

pulverize, ((主に英))pulverise

詳細については、次の URL をご覧ください。……

WordNet

日本語ワードネット1.1版 (C) 情報通信研究機構, 2009-2010 License
WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. License

詳細については、次の URL をご覧ください。……

Types of coal pulverizers[edit]

Coal pulverizers may be classified by speed, as follows:^[1]

• Low Speed
• Medium Speed
• High Speed

Low speed[edit]

Ball and tube mills[edit]

A ball mill is a pulverizer that consists of a horizontal rotating cylinder, up to three diameters in length, containing a charge of tumbling or cascading steel balls, pebbles, or rods.

A tube mill is a revolving cylinder of up to five diameters in length used for fine pulverization of ore, rock, and other such materials; the material, mixed with water, is fed into the chamber from one end, and passes out the other end as a slurry.

Both types of mill include liners that protect the cylindrical structure of the mill from wear. Thus the main wear parts in these mills are the balls themselves, and the liners. The balls are simply “consumed” by the wear process and must be re-stocked, whereas the liners must be periodically replaced.

The ball and tube mills are low-speed machines that grind the coal with steel balls in a rotating horizontal cylinder. Due to its shape, it is called a tube mill and due to use of grinding balls for crushing, it is called a ball mill, or both terms as a ball tube mill.

These mills are also designated as an example size, BBD-4772,

• B – Broyer (Name of inventor).
• B – Boulet (French word for balls).
• D – Direct firing.
• 47 – Diameter of shell (in decimeters) i.e. 4.7 m diameter.
• 72 – Length of shell (in decimeters) i.e. 7.2 m length.

The grinding in the ball and tube mill is produced by the rotating quantity of steel balls by their fall and lift due to tube rotation. The ball charge may occupy one third to half of the total internal volume of the shell. The significant feature incorporated in the BBD mills is its double end operation, each end catering to one elevation of a boiler. The system facilitated entry of raw coal and exit of pulverized fuel from same end simultaneously. This helps in reducing the number of installations per unit.

Mill construction details[edit]

A ball tube mill may be described as a cylinder made of steel plates having separate heads or trunions attached to the ends with each trunion resting on suitable bearings for supporting the machine. The trunions are hollow to allow for the introduction of discharge of the materials undergoing reduction in size. The mill shell is lined with chilled iron, carbon steel, manganese steel, or high chrome liners attached to shell body with counter sunk bolts. These liners are made in different shapes so that the counter inside surface of the mill is suited for requirement of a particular application.

The shells are of three pieces. The intermediate shell connects to the end shells by flange joints and the total length of shell is 7.2 m. The liners are fastened to the inner side of mill shell (cylindrical part) to protect the shell from the impact of the steel balls. There are 600 liners of ten variants in each shell weighing 60.26 tonnes. The original lift value of the liners is 55 mm. and the minimum lift allowed is 20 mm.

Operation[edit]

The primary air input to a ball tube mill performs a dual function. It is used for drying and as the fuel transport medium, and by regulating it the mill output is regulated. Governed by the pulverized fuel outlet temperature requirement, the cold air and hot air dampers are regulated to achieve the correct primary air temperature. In addition to raising the coal temperature inside the mill for drying and better grinding, the same air works as the transport medium to move the pulverized coal out of the mill: it travels through the annular space between the fixed trunnion tubes and the rotating hot air tube onwards to the classifier. Coal-laden air passes through double cone static classifiers, with adjustable classifier vanes, for segregation into pulverized fuel of the desired fineness, and coarse particles. The pulverised fuel continues its journey towards the coal burners for combustion. The coarse particles rejected in the classifier are returned to the mill for another cycle of grinding.

In order to avoid excess sweeping of coal from the mill, only part of the primary air, directly proportional to the boiler load demand, is passed through the mill. Furthermore, to ensure sufficient velocity of pulverized fuel to avoid settling in the pipes, an additional quantity of primary air is fed into a mixing box on the raw coal circuit. This by-pass air tapped from the primary air duct going into the mill makes an appreciable contribution to the drying of raw coal, by a flash drying effect, in addition to picking up the pulverized fuel from the mill outlet for its transportation towards the classifiers.

The tube mill output (responding to boiler load demand) is controlled by regulating the primary air-flow. This regulation, by sweeping pulverized fuel from the mill, is very fast; comparable with oil firing response, but needs the coal level to be maintained in the mill. A control circuit monitors the coal level in the mill, and controls the speed of the raw coal feeder to maintain it. Maintaining the coal level in the mill offers a built-in capacity cushion of pulverized fuel to take care of short interruptions in the raw coal circuit.

The mill is pressurized and the air-tightness is ensured by plenum chambers around the rotating trunnion filled with pressurized seal air. Bleeding seal air from plenum chamber to the mill maintains separation between pulverized fuel in the Mill and the outside atmosphere. Inadequacy or absence of seal air will allow escape of pulverized fuel into atmosphere. On the other hand, an excess of seal air leaking into mill will affect the mill outlet temperature. As such the seal air is controlled by a local control damper maintaining just sufficient differential pressure for sealing.

Medium speed[edit]

Ring and ball mill[edit]

This type of mill consists of two types of rings separated by a series of large balls, like a thrust bearing. The lower ring rotates, while the upper ring presses down on the balls via a set of spring and adjuster assemblies, or pressurised rams. The material to be pulverized is introduced into the center or side of the pulverizer (depending on the design). As the lower ring rotates, the balls to orbit between the upper and lower rings, and balls roll over the bed of coal on the lower ring. The pulverized material is carried out of the mill by the flow of air moving through it. The size of the pulverized particles released from the grinding section of the mill is determined by a classifier separator. If the coal is fine enough to be picked up by the air, it is carried through the classifier. Coarser particles return to be further pulverized.

Vertical spindle roller mill[edit]

Similar to the ring and ball mill, the vertical spindle roller mill uses large “tires” to crush the coal. These mills are usually found in utility plants.

Raw coal is gravity-fed through a central feed pipe to the grinding table where it flows outwardly by centrifugal action and is ground between the rollers and table. Hot primary air for drying and coal
transport enters the windbox plenum underneath the grinding table and flows upward through a swirl ring having multiple sloped nozzles surrounding the grinding table. The air mixes with and
dries coal in the grinding zone and carries pulverized coal particles upward into a classifier.

Fine pulverized coal exits the outlet section through multiple discharge coal pipes leading to the burners, while oversized coal particles are rejected and returned to the grinding zone for further grinding.
Pyrites and extraneous dense impurity material fall through the nozzle ring and are plowed, by scraper blades attached to the grinding table, into the pyrites chamber to be removed.
Mechanically, the vertical roller mill is categorized as an applied force mill. There are three grinding roller wheel assemblies in the mill grinding section, which are mounted on a loading frame via pivot point.
The fixed-axis roller in each roller wheel assembly rotates on a segmentally-lined grinding table that is supported and driven by a planetary gear reducer direct-coupled to a motor. The grinding force for coal pulverization is applied by a loading frame. This frame is connected by vertical tension rods to three hydraulic cylinders secured to the mill foundation. All forces used in the pulverizing process are transmitted to the foundation via the gear reducer and loading elements. The pendulum movement of the roller wheels provides a freedom for wheels to move in a radial direction, which results in no radial loading against the mill housing during the pulverizing process.

Depending on the required coal fineness, there are two types of classifier that may be selected for a vertical roller mill. The dynamic classifier, which consists of a stationary angled inlet vane assembly surrounding a rotating vane assembly or cage, is capable of producing micrometer-fine pulverized coal with a narrow particle size distribution. In addition, adjusting the speed of the rotating cage can easily change the intensity of the centrifugal force field in the classification zone to achieve coal fineness control real-time to make immediate accommodation for a change in fuel or boiler load conditions. For the applications where a micrometer-fine pulverized coal is not necessary, the static classifier, which consists of a cone equipped with adjustable vanes, is an option at a lower cost since it contains no moving parts. With adequate mill grinding capacity, a vertical mill equipped with a static classifier is capable of producing a coal fineness up to 99.5% or higher <50 mesh and 80% or higher <200 mesh, while one equipped with a dynamic classifier produces coal fineness levels of 100% <100 mesh and 95% <200 mesh, or better.

In 1954 a Jet Pulverizer was developed in which operates like a Vertical Pulverizer only the item is pulverized by the high speed air action. For example, forcing coal against coal.^[2]

Bowl mill[edit]

Similar to the vertical roller mill, it also uses tires to crush coal. There are two types, a deep bowl mill, and a shallow bowl mill.

High speed[edit]

Attrition mill[edit]

The attrition mill is a device for mechanically reducing solid particle size by intense agitation of a slurry of material being milled and coarse milling media. For example, in 10 hours of milling, specific surfaces of 40 and 25 m2/g were obtained for alumina and barite, corresponding to 38 and 56 nm equivalent spherical diameter, respectively. Size reduction rates for relatively coarse particles were first-order and increased linearly with power input to the mill. Optimum milling medium concentration corresponded to medium particles moving a distance of approximately 0.7 of their diameter before collision with another such particle. Power characteristics of the attrition mill were essentially the same as those of a radial flow turbine mixer. Laminar flow became disrupted at NRe ≈ 200, while turbulent flow was established at NRe > 8000. Slurries of fine powders exhibited the same linear power-average density dependence as single-phase liquids. However, a different dependence was observed with large particles.

詳細については、次の URL をご覧ください。……

pulverizeってどういう意味？

さっそく辞書で調べてみました。

細かく砕く、粉砕する、こてんぱんにやっつける

引用：英辞郎

発音は「pʌ́lvəràiz（パルヴァライズ）」です。

pulverizeの語源は？

では、語源をみていきましょう。

この単語は後期ラテン語の「pulverizare（粉々にする）」から来ています。更にこの単語はラテン語の「pulvis（ほこり、粉）」に由来するようです。

（参考：Online Etymology Dictionary）

pulverizeを使った例文

ではさっそく例文をみてみましょう。

• Seashells were pulverized by the ocean’s waves.
  →貝殻は海の波によって粉砕された。

引用：Cambridge Dictionary

• He is set to pulverise his two opponents in the race for the presidency.
  →彼は、大統領選で対立する2人の人物を打ち負かすことになるでしょう。

引用：Collins

• He pulverized the large stone into tiny pebbles.
  →彼は大きな石を細かい砂利になるまで砕いた。

引用：英辞郎

以上のように使用します。

SNS上での使用例

ではツイッター上で「pulverize」を使用している人のツイートを見てみましょう。

We’ll kick them around, pulverize them, and stuff them into some some cheap stuffed animal, or something. ♪

— Shu (@itsukiquotes) November 24, 2021

彼らを蹴散らして粉々にして、安いぬいぐるみか何かに詰め込むんだよ ♪

軽やかに怖いこと言わないでください笑。

just banging my head against a brick wall today and yesterday and probably tomorrow. Eventually I’ll pulverize the fucking wall or die of a skull fracture I guess.

— Curufean (@Curufean) November 18, 2021

今日も昨日も、そしておそらく明日も、レンガの壁に頭をぶつけているだけだ。最終的には壁を粉々にするか、頭蓋骨の骨折で死ぬと思う。

ストレスか何かで頭がおかしくなってしまったんでしょうか…。。

this caffeine not waking me up who wanna absolutely pulverize my face with brass knuckles to get my adrenaline running

— Moan (@SleepyMoan) October 24, 2021

カフェインを摂取しても目が覚めない。だれかアドレナリンを出すために、私の顔をブラスナックルで完全に粉砕したい人はいないかい。

ブラスナックルとは、以下の画像のような武器ですね。こんなんで殴られたらひとたまりもありませんよ笑。

詳細については、次の URL をご覧ください。……

tissue pulverizer, cryogenic tissue pulverizer, pulverizer tissue, Tissue lysis, Liquid Nitrogen, Biology, Cell, cellcrusher tissue pulverizer, RNA extraction, RNA analysis